Eficiencia ambiental en rutas de recolección de residuos sólidos con enfoque georreferenciado en La Troncal
Environmental efficiency in solid waste collection routes with a georeferenced approachin La TroncalBarra lateral del artículo
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En el cantón La Troncal, Ecuador, la gestión de residuos sólidos ha presentado problemas significativos, como la limitada optimización en las rutas de recolección y la disposición inadecuada de los desechos, generando impactos negativos ambientales y sanitarios. Este estudio evalúa el proceso de recolección de residuos sólidos para proponer un modelo de gestión ambiental que optimice rutas y reduzca el impacto ambiental. Se utilizó metodología mixta, realizando diagnóstico detallado de la situación actual, análisis de parámetros físicos de residuos, y encuestando a 200 habitantes para evaluar su satisfacción con el servicio. Los resultados mostraron una producción per cápita de 0,70 kg/hab/día en zona urbana, 0,68 kg/hab/día en zona rural y 0.88 kg/hab/día industrial, con predominancia de residuos orgánicos (55%), metales (18.36%) y madera (14,13%). Se identificaron 14 rutas de recolección, optimizando 8 mediante técnicas georreferenciadas, reduciendo significativamente distancias y tiempos operativos.
In the La Troncal canton of Ecuador, solid waste management has presented significant problems, such as limited optimization of collection routes and inadequate waste disposal, generating negative environmental and health impacts. This study evaluates the solid waste collection process to propose an environmental management model that optimizes routes and reduces environmental impact. A mixed methodology was used, conducting a detailed diagnosis of the current situation, analyzing physical waste parameters, and surveying 200 residents to assess their satisfaction with the service. The results showed a per capita production of 0.70 kg/inhabitant/day in urban areas, 0.68 kg/inhabitant/day in rural areas, and 0.88 kg/inhabitant/day in industrial areas, with a predominance of organic waste (55%), metals (18.36%), and wood (14.13%). Fourteen collection routes were identified, and 8 were optimized using georeferenced techniques, significantly reducing distances and operating times.
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